Final answer:
Muscular tissue and connective tissue in vertebrates are derived from the mesoderm. The mesoderm is an embryonic germ layer that forms a variety of body tissues, including major components of the musculoskeletal system.
Step-by-step explanation:
In vertebrates, the tissues that are derived from mesoderm include muscular tissue and connective tissue. The mesoderm is the middle embryonic germ layer responsible for forming several body structures. Specifically, the mesoderm develops into various connective tissues, such as the facial cartilage, ribs, lungs, and it forms part of the somites, which give rise to segmental muscle and the notochord, eventually forming the central axis of the animal body.
Despite some epithelial tissue deriving from mesoderm, in the context of basic histology, the epithelial tissue is mainly derived from ectoderm and endoderm. Thus, of the options listed: nervous tissue (a) is derived from ectoderm, epithelial tissue (b) is predominantly from ectoderm and endoderm, muscular tissue (c) and connective tissue (d) are derived from mesoderm.