Final answer:
The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem was constructed in 691 CE under the patronage of Caliph Abd al-Malik. It is known for its gilded gold dome with blue tile mosaics and is a site of religious significance for Muslims, marking the location where Muhammad is believed to have ascended to heaven.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Dome of the Rock, located in Jerusalem, Israel, was constructed in the year 691 CE using stone masonry and a wooden roof adorned with glazed ceramic tile, mosaics, and a gilt aluminum and bronze dome. This magnificent piece of architecture was commissioned by the Caliph Abd al-Malik during the early Islamic period. Completed in 691 CE, the Dome of the Rock is a mosque that was built on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem. It's recognized as one of the oldest surviving works of Islamic art, characterized by its iconic gilded gold dome with blue tile mosaics, and stands as a testament to religious and historical transformations over time.
The Dome of the Rock is a structure of great significance to multiple religions. For Muslims, it marks the site where the Prophet Muhammad is believed to have ascended to heaven. Its construction by the Caliph Abd al-Malik was not only a religious statement but also a political one during a period of civil unrest. Today, the structure remains an outstanding example of Islamic architecture, incorporating various influences from Coptic, Sassanian, and Byzantine art. Over the centuries, the Dome of the Rock has undergone numerous renovations, including those carried out by the Ottoman Empire, enhancing its walls with blue mosaics and various colored tiles, as well as inscriptions from the Quran.