Final answer:
In the second party system, the Whig Party was created to oppose Andrew Jackson's Democratic Party, with each advocating for different interpretations of federal versus state powers.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the second party system, the Whig Party emerged in opposition to Andrew Jackson, who led the Democratic Party. The two parties represented differing views on the role of the federal government and individual states, interpreting the Constitution's "necessary and proper" clause in divergent ways. The Democrats favored individual freedom with minimal government interference, while the Whigs advocated for a more active federal role in economic development and judicial matters. The Democratic Party had come into existence in 1828 to support Andrew Jackson's presidency, and the Whig Party materialized in 1834 as a challenge to Jackson's policies. This era saw debates that greatly influenced the political landscape, leading to the consolidation of these two main political forces within the American political system.