Final answer:
Peer review is the formal process through which scientific research is evaluated by other scientists in the same field or conducting similar research. It helps ensure the originality, significance, and quality of research before it is accepted into scientific literature. Peer review also allows for the replication and expansion of research findings by other scientists.
Step-by-step explanation:
Peer review is the formal process through which scientific research is checked for originality, significance, and quality before being accepted into scientific literature. It involves the evaluation of procedures and results of an experiment by other scientists who are in the same field or conducting similar research. Peer review helps ensure that the research described in a scientific paper or grant proposal is original, significant, logical, and thorough. It also helps weed out poorly conceived or executed studies and allows for the replication and expansion of research findings by other scientists.