Final answer:
When a program is executed, it is allocated in RAM, where its code and data reside temporarily for quick access by the CPU while running.
Correct option is a) RAM
Step-by-step explanation:
When a program is executed, it must be allocated in the computer's Random Access Memory (RAM). This is where the program's code and data are temporarily stored while the program is running. Although the program might be permanently stored on devices like a Hard Drive or an SSD, it is loaded into RAM during execution because RAM is much faster than other forms of storage and allows the CPU to access instructions and data quickly. The CPU cache is even faster than RAM, but it is much smaller and used to temporarily store the most frequently accessed data and instructions.
While RAM provides faster access than other storage types, the CPU cache is even faster. However, the CPU cache is smaller in size and is used to temporarily store the most frequently accessed data and instructions. This hierarchy of storage, from slower but larger storage devices to faster but smaller caches and RAM, is designed to optimize the overall performance of the computer system during program execution