Final answer:
In the 1980s, new music genres like hip-hop and shabi emerged, providing a voice for resistance and rebellion. Critics have labeled these genres as everything from 'haram' to 'fast food' to 'catchy music for untrained ears,' reflecting societal tension and resistance to change. Barriers to their diffusion have been most pronounced in places with strict religious or political control.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 1980s saw significant cultural shifts with the emergence of new music genres such as hip-hop, which originated from inner-city street musicians. This genre often addressed social issues and provided a medium for rebellion against authority. Across various societies, music has reflected political unhappiness or served as a means to challenge and resist dominant paradigms. For instance, genres like shabi and shababi from Algeria, also emerged as a form of rebellion with fast-paced rhythms.
Data suggests that while many embrace these new forms of music as a means of expression and resistance, critical voices have existed, particularly during their emergent phases. For example, some disapproving audiences have termed these music styles differently, ranging from being considered 'haram' to being criticized as emblematic of a 'fast food' culture, or even dismissed as simplistic 'catchy music' tailored for 'untrained ears'. These critical labels reflect broader societal tensions regarding the acceptance of new cultural products and the values they represent.
In regions with stringent religious or political structures, such as certain parts of the Middle East, the diffusion of genres like hip-hop has faced serious impediments. In some instances, there have been violent reactions against the spread of secular music, which is perceived as a threat to traditional values and authority.