Final answer:
Cultures that develop within departments or locations of large organizations are called subcultures. A subculture is part of the larger culture but has its distinct identity. Subcultures are different from countercultures, which reject the norms of the larger culture.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cultures that tend to develop in large organizations to reflect common problems, situations, or experiences faced by groups of members in the same department or location are often called subcultures. A subculture is a smaller cultural group within a larger culture; people of a subculture are part of the larger culture but also share a specific identity within a smaller group. They differ from countercultures, which are a type of subculture that actively reject and defy the larger culture's norms and values, often creating their own set of rules and norms to live by, sometimes even forming communities outside of the broader society.
In any given society, there can be multiple subcultures based on ethnicity, race, interests, or lifestyles - such as biker culture, body modification communities, or youth subcultures. Although members of a subculture band together over shared elements, they still identify with and participate in the larger society. Organizations and companies also have their own organizational cultures, and different departments can develop their own subcultures within the broader organizational culture.