Final answer:
A thyroidectomized rat has had its thyroid gland removed, while a hypophysectomized rat has had its pituitary gland removed.
Step-by-step explanation:
A thyroidectomized rat is a rat that has undergone a surgical removal of the thyroid gland. This procedure is usually done to treat conditions like hyperthyroidism or thyroid cancer.
A hypophysectomized rat is a rat that has undergone the surgical removal of the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is responsible for producing hormones that regulate various bodily functions. This procedure is usually done for research purposes to study the effects of removing the pituitary gland on different physiological processes.
In such a case, where a patient has had their thyroid gland removed or treated for hyperthyroidism, they need synthetic thyroid hormone replacement. The levels of this hormone must be carefully monitored to prevent symptoms resulting from both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, ensuring proper metabolic function.