Final answer:
The bacteria that naturally reside in the human body but can cause disease when given the chance are known as opportunistic pathogens. They differ from obligate pathogens, which always cause disease, and commensals, which typically do not. Understanding these different types of bacteria is crucial for infection control and overall health.
Step-by-step explanation:
The bacteria that reside naturally within the human body and cause no disease unless the opportunity arises are known as opportunistic pathogens. These microorganisms are generally harmless or even beneficial under normal circumstances, but they can cause infections if they gain access to parts of the body that are normally sterile or if the host's immune system becomes compromised.
Opportunistic pathogens can be contrasted with obligate pathogens, which are always associated with disease, and commensal organisms that normally coexist with the host without causing disease. The human body hosts a vast number of bacteria, with many residing in the skin, mouth, throat, gut, and other areas. While S. cerevisiae is commonly known for yeast infections, it is important to distinguish between the various roles these microorganisms play within the human host.
In the context of human health, understanding the balance and roles of different bacteria is essential for managing infections and maintaining overall well-being. Sanitation practices, proper wound care, and awareness of the risks posed by opportunistic pathogens are all part of this critical balance.