Final answer:
The World Wide Web (Option A) is a global system of interconnected hypertext documents and files accessible through a browser, invented by Tim Berners-Lee. It differs from other technologies like FTP, Intranet, and URL, which have other specific uses in network communications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that describes a global system of interconnected hypertext documents and files that can be accessed through a browser is the World Wide Web (Option A). The World Wide Web was invented by Tim Berners-Lee, a scientist at CERN, which he initiated with a proposal in 1989 using a NeXT computer. By 1990, he had created three foundational technologies: HTML, URI (or URL), and HTTP. The world wide web stands in contrast to Ted Nelson's earlier idea of hypertext, which included a 'master' document concept and more complex bi-directional linking not seen in today's web structure.
Other technologies related to the question such as FTP (File Transfer Protocol), Intranet, and URL (Uniform Resource Locator) serve different specific purposes in the context of network and internet communications. FTP is used for the transfer of files between computers, an Intranet is a private network accessible only to an organization's staff, and a URL is a specific address used to access resources on the web. The World Wide Web has made an incredible impact on how we access and share information worldwide, revolutionized by the development of new information technologies such as the Internet itself.