Final answer:
Cigarette smoke decreases estrogen synthesis, which can contribute to infertility and other reproductive health issues in women.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cigarette smoke decreases estrogen synthesis. Exposure to the chemicals in cigarette smoke has been shown to have a negative impact on female reproductive health, leading to issues such as infertility partly due to its interference with estrogen production. Pregnant women who smoke or are exposed to secondhand smoke also face increased risks of miscarriages and having babies with low birth weight.
Smoking increases the levels of liver enzymes that break down drugs, which can make certain medications less effective. This fact highlights the overall negative impact smoking has on the body's physiological processes, including hormone synthesis and metabolic functions.