Final answer:
A Colles' fracture is a common occurrence when falling on an outstretched hand, characterized by a transverse break in the distal radius, often resulting in a "dinner fork" deformity of the forearm.
Step-by-step explanation:
When falling on an outstretched hand, the type of fracture that commonly occurs is known as a Colles' fracture. This involves a complete transverse fracture across the distal radius bone, which results in the distal fragment being displaced posteriorly and superiorly. This injury gives the forearm a characteristic "dinner fork" appearance just above the wrist. Colles' fracture is frequently seen in persons over the age of 50, especially older women with osteoporosis, and it typically requires medical intervention when it occurs.