Final answer:
The duty that mandates directors and officers to prioritize the interests of the corporation and its shareholders over their own personal interests is the duty of loyalty.
Step-by-step explanation:
The duty that requires directors and officers to not act adversely to the interests of the corporation and to subordinate their personal interests to those of the corporation and its shareholders is known as the duty of loyalty. This duty is fundamental to corporate governance as it ensures that the actions taken by directors and officers are in the best interest of the corporation and its shareholders, rather than serving the personal interests of those in management positions. In contrast, the duty of care relates to the level of competence and attention directors and officers must apply to their decisions, the duty of obedience requires adherence to laws and organizational bylaws, and self-dealing involves a conflict of interest where an officer or director benefits personally from a transaction made by the company.