Final answer:
Charging a capacitor results in its plates acquiring equal and opposite charges, with one plate becoming positively charged and the other negatively charged, making the correct answer A) It has equal charges on both plates.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a capacitor is charged by connecting it to a battery, the plates of the capacitor acquire equal and opposite charges. The plate connected to the positive terminal of the battery acquires a positive charge (+Q), while the plate connected to the negative terminal acquires an equal magnitude of negative charge (-Q). This happens because electrons are pushed onto the plate connected to the negative terminal and are pulled from the plate connected to the positive terminal, adhering to the principle of conservation of charge. Hence, the correct answer to the question is A) It has equal charges on both plates.