Final answer:
Sodium bicarbonate may be considered as a treatment option for a full-term newborn with significant birth depression, respiratory failure with CO₂ retention, and metabolic acidosis. B. False
Step-by-step explanation:
Resuscitation of a full-term newborn with significant birth depression is a complex process. If the newborn experiences respiratory failure with CO₂ retention and metabolic acidosis, sodium bicarbonate may be considered as a potential treatment option. Sodium bicarbonate helps to balance the levels of bicarbonate and carbonic acid/CO₂ in the blood, potentially improving the newborn's condition. Sodium bicarbonate is generally not routinely recommended in the management of respiratory failure with carbon dioxide (CO₂) retention and metabolic acidosis in newborns, even after significant birth depression and resuscitation. The use of sodium bicarbonate in neonatal resuscitation and management is controversial, and its administration should be carefully considered based on the specific clinical situation. While sodium bicarbonate can correct metabolic acidosis by neutralizing excess acid, it may also have adverse effects, including alterations in acid-base balance and electrolyte levels. The decision to use sodium bicarbonate in neonatal care is typically based on a thorough assessment of the newborn's clinical condition, blood gas values, and response to other interventions. It should be administered cautiously and under the guidance of healthcare professionals.