Final answer:
Hyperthermia and hypothermia can both be harmful to a neonate due to their immature ability to regulate body temperature, making the correct answer A. True.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hyperthermia and hypothermia are conditions of abnormal body temperatures, with hyperthermia being an elevated body temperature and hypothermia being a suppressed body temperature. For neonates, or newborns, both conditions can indeed be harmful. Neonates have a higher ratio of surface area to volume, immature musculature, and an underdeveloped nervous system, making thermoregulation a challenge. As such, an abnormal decrease in core body temperature, known as hypothermia, is especially dangerous, as it can slow the rate and strength of heart contractions and be potentially fatal. It is also true that hyperthermia increases heart rate and the strength of contraction, but excessive hyperthermia can lead to death as well, as it causes body systems to cease normal function, starting with the central nervous system. Therefore, the correct answer to whether hyper/hypothermia can be harmful to a neonate is A. True.