Final answer:
The modes of ventilation considered for ARDS include pressure control ventilation, assist-control ventilation, volume control ventilation, pressure support ventilation, BiPAP, CPAP, high-flow nasal cannula, and non-invasive ventilation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The modes of ventilation that would be considered for ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) are:
a) Pressure control ventilation and assist-control ventilation. In pressure control ventilation, the clinician sets the desired pressure for each breath and the ventilator delivers that pressure, allowing for better control of lung volume and pressure. Assist-control ventilation delivers a set tidal volume with each breath, either in response to the patient's own effort or at a set rate.
b) Volume control ventilation and pressure support ventilation. In volume control ventilation, a set tidal volume is delivered with each breath, allowing for better control of ventilation. Pressure support ventilation augments the patient's spontaneous breaths, providing support during each breath.
c) Bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). These modes of ventilation provide two levels of positive pressure, one during inspiration and a lower pressure during expiration, to assist with ventilation.
d) High-flow nasal cannula and non-invasive ventilation. High-flow nasal cannula delivers a heated and humidified high flow of oxygen and air through the nose, while non-invasive ventilation provides breathing support without the need for an endotracheal tube.