Final answer:
The American System was an economic program including roads, canals, protective tariffs, and a national bank, advocated by Henry Clay and enacted under President John Quincy Adams.
Step-by-step explanation:
The proposals for economic development and expansion advocated by Henry Clay became known as the American System. This program included initiatives for federally sponsored roads and canals, the implementation of protective tariffs, and the establishment of a national bank, all designed to foster economic growth and stability across the United States. Clay, a significant figure in the Senate, and supporter John C. Calhoun in the House of Representatives were key advocates for this economic vision, which was established during the presidency of John Quincy Adams after Henry Clay played a crucial role in his election — an event controversially referred to as the "corrupt bargain."