Question

Refer to the following list of processes.

I. Gap 1
II. Synthesis
III. Gap 2
IV. Mitosis
V. Cytokinesis

Which of the processes above comprises M-Phase?
a. I, II
b. I, III
c. IV, V
d. I, II, III
e. III, IV, V

Answer 1

The M-Phase of the cell cycle consists of Mitosis (IV) and Cytokinesis (V), making the correct answer c. IV, V.

Step-by-step explanation:

M-Phase refers specifically to mitosis and cytokinesis in the cell cycle, which is a process eukaryotic cells undergo to divide into two daughter cells. Based on the list provided, comprising Gap 1 (I), Synthesis (II), Gap 2 (III), Mitosis (IV), and Cytokinesis (V), the phases included in M-Phase are Mitosis (IV) and Cytokinesis (V). Therefore, the correct answer to which processes comprise M-Phase is c. IV, V.

Mitosis is the process of nuclear division, where the duplicated chromosomes are aligned, separated, and moved to opposite poles of the cell. Cytokinesis is the physical separation of the cytoplasmic components into two daughter cells. Therefore, the correct option is c. IV, V.

Detailed steps of the M-Phase begin with mitosis, where the cell's chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei (mitosis is further divided into prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase), and conclude with cytokinesis, which divides the cell's cytoplasm, resulting in the formation of two identical daughter cells. Gap 1 (I), Synthesis (II), and Gap 2 (III) are stages of interphase, which is a period of cell growth and preparation for mitosis, but not part of M-Phase itself.