Final answer:
In operant conditioning, a learner receiving a toy for showing aberrant behavior is an example of Reinforcement, which increases the likelihood of the behavior being repeated.
Step-by-step explanation:
A learner receiving a toy contingent upon displaying aberrant behavior would most likely occur in the condition of a functional analysis known as Reinforcement. In the context of operant conditioning, reinforcement occurs when a behavior is followed by a consequence that increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future. In this scenario, giving a toy as a contingent response to aberrant behavior serves as positive reinforcement, thus increasing the probability that the aberrant behavior will occur again.