Final answer:
The name given to the process by which a larva develops into an adult is metamorphosis. This is distinct from processes like gastrulation or organogenesis which are involved in early embryonic development. The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
This biological phenomenon can vary among species with some undergoing complete metamorphosis, where the larval stage is drastically different from the adult form, while others experience incomplete metamorphosis, where young resemble the adults but develop adult features through successive molts.
In the context of embryonic development in higher animals, processes like gastrulation, neurulation, and organogenesis are important stages. Gastrulation leads to the creation of three germ layers that further develop into various organs in a process called organogenesis. Organogenesis involves extensive cellular differentiation guided by gene expression, which is crucial for forming the structures of the nervous system from the embryonic ectoderm and other organs from respective germ layers.
Hence, Option B is correct.