Answer: The type of media formulated to produce distinct colony appearances based on specific biochemical reactions, such as lactose fermentation or hydrogen sulfide production, is differential media. This type of media allows for the differentiation of microorganisms based on their unique metabolic characteristics and provides indicators or substrates that result in visible differences in colony appearance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of media formulated to produce distinct colony appearances based on specific biochemical reactions, such as lactose fermentation or hydrogen sulfide production, is called differential media.
Here's an explanation to support the answer:
1) Differential media: Differential media is formulated to allow the differentiation of different types of microorganisms based on their specific biochemical reactions. It contains specific components that promote the growth of certain organisms while inhibiting others. It also includes indicators or substrates that react differently with different microorganisms, resulting in distinct colony appearances.
2) General-purpose media: General-purpose media, also known as basic or nonspecific media, support the growth of a wide range of microorganisms without providing any specific indicators or substrates for differentiation. These media are typically used for routine cultivation and maintenance of microorganisms.
3) Selective media: Selective media are formulated to selectively inhibit the growth of certain types of microorganisms while allowing the growth of others. They contain components like antibiotics, dyes, or high salt concentrations that suppress the growth of unwanted organisms. Selective media primarily focus on the selection or exclusion of specific microorganisms, rather than differentiating based on biochemical reactions.
4) Enriched media: Enriched media are formulated to support the growth of fastidious organisms that have specific nutritional requirements. These media contain additional nutrients, such as blood or specific growth factors, to provide optimal conditions for the growth of these organisms. Enriched media do not typically include indicators or substrates for differentiation based on biochemical reactions.