Question

TranSTR analysis is a DNA profiling technique that makes use of the fact that different people have different numbers of repeats of short DNA sequences at certain sites in the genomeslation converts the information stored in __DNA______ to ___RNA_____.

A)True
B)False

Answer 1

DNA profiling uses genetic markers like RFLPs, VNTRs, SNPs, and STRs to identify individuals in forensic science and paternity testing due to the variability of these markers among the population, excluding identical twins who share the same STR sequences.

Step-by-step explanation:

DNA profiling techniques, such as restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs), microsatellite polymorphisms, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), are crucial tools in biotechnology and forensic science.

RFLPs involve cutting DNA with specific enzymes to produce a unique pattern of DNA fragments. VNTRs consist of repeating nucleotide sequences with variation in the number of repeats among individuals, contributing to genetic diversity.

Microsatellites are similar to VNTRs but have smaller repeating units, and SNPs represent variations in a single nucleotide.

Techniques like PCR, Southern blotting, and whole-genome sequencing help in amplifying and analyzing these genetic markers to perform tasks such as genetic testing, crime investigation, and studying inheritable diseases.

For example, in the field of forensic science, DNA profiling using short tandem repeats (STR) is commonly applied.

STR regions are highly variable, making it highly unlikely for unrelated individuals to have the same STR sequences, which allows for accurate identification in criminal investigations and paternity testing. The only exception is found in monozygotic twins who share identical STR sequences.