Final answer:
Specimen collection guidelines require the use of a leak-proof container to ensure sample integrity and safety. A semi-permeable membrane is used in other contexts, such as in dialysis, where it allows certain molecules to diffuse through.
Step-by-step explanation:
When collecting a specimen, it's important to follow specific guidelines to ensure the integrity of the sample. The specimen collection guidelines specify the use of a leak-proof container. The correct type of container to use is one that is non-porous and able to prevent the escape of the contents, thus ensuring accurate testing and safety. Choices a) transparent and c) opaque refer to the visibility through the container, which is not relevant to the leak-proof nature. Option b) permeable would suggest that substances can pass through, which is not desirable for specimen containment. Option d) semi-permeable, as per the question's context in dialysis machines, refers to membranes that allow certain small molecules to pass while blocking others, such as allowing water or specific solutes to diffuse while blocking larger components like red blood cells or proteins. Therefore, semi-permeable is not the correct choice for a container that needs to be leak-proof.