Final answer:
In an oversaturated solution, the correct term for the formation of new solid particles is 'precipitate from the solution.' Precipitates are insoluble solids that form when the solution's capacity to maintain the solute in a dissolved state is exceeded.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a solution becomes oversaturated, new solid particles are said to precipitate from the solution. An oversaturated solution is one that contains more dissolved solute than would normally be possible under equilibrium circumstances. This can happen, for instance, if a solution is heated to allow more solute to dissolve, and then cooled slowly. Should a disturbance, such as the introduction of a seed crystal occur, the excess solute will come out of the solution in a process known as precipitation, forming a solid that can be divided from the remaining liquid (the supernate) by filtration, centrifuging, or decanting.
Precipitates are insoluble ionic solids that form when specific cations and anions in aqueous solutions combine and can no longer remain dissolved. This process is influenced by factors such as temperature and solute concentration. The formation of a precipitate often indicates a chemical reaction known as a precipitation reaction.
Thus, in response to the question, the correct answer is a. precipitate from the solution.