Final answer:
Nucleic acids are vital for genetic information transmission, while biological macromolecules like carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are crucial for cell structure and function. Additionally, proteins are particularly versatile, fulfilling roles from enzymatic activity to structural support.
Step-by-step explanation:
Molecules called macromolecules play important roles in carrying out major functions in cells. Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, carry the cell's genetic information and instructions for its functioning. Proteins, made up of amino acids, have a diverse range of functions in the cell, including structural support, metabolism, and as enzymes.
Biological macromolecules include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Each class of these macromolecules is important for cell structure and performs a multitude of functions. Proteins stand out due to their diverse range of functions, such as enzymatic, structural, transport, and regulatory roles. Each protein is composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, forming complex structures and enabling them to perform specific actions within the cell.
Dehydration synthesis is a critical process in forming these macromolecules where smaller units are joined to form larger structures. Macromolecules make up a significant portion of the cell's dry mass, containing key elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other minor elements.