Question

OSPF Neighbor States:

DR & BDR are fully synchronized. A router will periodically send Hello packets to its neighbors to indicate that it is still functional.

a) Down
b) Init
c) 2-Way
d) Exstart
e) Exchange
f) Loading
g) Full

Answer 1

The OSPF Neighbor States question pertains to the OSPF protocol connectivity process, where routers pass through several states. The Fully Synchronized state between the Designated Router (DR) and Backup Designated Router (BDR) is known as 'g) Full', describing routers with complete and synchronized OSPF topology maps.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question deals with the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol, specifically the OSPF Neighbor States which are part of the protocol's network establishment process. OSPF is a widely-used interior gateway protocol designed for IP networks, and there are several states that OSPF routers go through when establishing connectivity with neighboring routers: Down, Init, 2-Way, Exstart, Exchange, Loading, and Full. The Designated Router (DR) and Backup Designated Router (BDR) are roles elected among OSPF routers to optimize network traffic.

Routers in the Full state have completed the database synchronization process and have a complete OSPF topology map. This is necessary to compute the shortest path first (SPF) algorithm. When OSPF routers are in the Full state, they are fully synchronized with each other, meaning they have exchanged and agreed upon all OSPF route information. This state is crucial for the routing table to be accurately populated and up to date, ensuring efficient network traffic routing. Therefore, in the context of your question, the correct state where DR and BDR are fully synchronized is g) Full.