Final answer:
OSPF routers being stuck in the 'Loading' state can be due to mismatched MTU settings or link congestion. The MTU settings should be checked and matched on both routers, and the network should be examined for congestion to restore proper OSPF operation.
Step-by-step explanation:
When OSPF routers are stuck in the 'loading' state, it usually indicates a problem with the synchronization of the link-state database between the routers. Two common culprits for this issue are mismatched MTU settings and link congestion. A mismatch in Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) settings can prevent routers from forming a full adjacency by disrupting the exchange of large OSPF packets. On the other hand, link congestion can lead to packet loss or excessive delays, impeding OSPF from effectively loading the full set of link-state advertisements (LSAs) necessary for the routers to have a complete view of the network topology.
Administrators should verify the MTU settings on both sides of the connection to ensure that they match. They also need to check the network for any signs of congestion that may be affecting OSPF traffic. Diagnosing and resolving these issues is essential for OSPF routers to transition to a full state and for the network to operate efficiently. The problem of routers being stuck in the 'Loading' state in OSPF could be attributed to a couple of possible reasons. One reason could be mismatched MTU settings between the routers. MTU stands for Maximum Transmission Unit, and it determines the maximum size of a packet that can be sent over a network. If the MTU settings on the routers are not the same, it can cause issues in the OSPF process. Another possible reason could be link congestion. If there is a lot of traffic on the link where the routers are connected, it can lead to congestion, and the routers may not be able to exchange OSPF information effectively, causing them to get stuck in the 'loading' state.