Question

Match the following vocabulary words with their corresponding definitions:

A) The study of energy conversions between heat energy and mechanical energy
B) The state in which matter takes the shape of its container
C) Motion on an axis
D) The lowest energy state, in which matter has a definite shape and volume
E) Motion with no net displacement
F) A state in which matter occupies all available space
G) The highest energy state of matter in which matter is ionized
H) The amount of heat added or removed to change its temperature by one Celsius degree
I) Phase change of location
J) The amount of heat needed to raise one gram of water one Celsius degree

Answer 1

Matter exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas, and can change between these states by adding or removing heat. Phase changes involve transitions between these states, such as melting, vaporization, and sublimation. Thermochemistry is the branch of chemistry that describes energy changes during chemical reactions.

Step-by-step explanation:

Matter exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas. A solid has a fixed shape and volume, while a liquid takes on the shape of its container and a gas completely fills its container. The change of state of matter can be achieved by adding or removing heat. For example, when we heat water, it goes from a solid (ice) to a liquid and then to a gas (steam). This process is known as a phase change.

During a phase change, matter transitions from one phase to another. There are several phase changes that can occur, including:

• Melting: solid to liquid
• Vaporization: liquid to gas (boiling and evaporation)
• Sublimation: solid to gas

Thermochemistry is a branch of chemistry that describes the energy changes that occur during chemical reactions. Temperature is a measure of thermal energy, and heat is the transfer of thermal energy from a hotter object to a cooler one. Energy can take different forms, such as kinetic energy (energy due to motion) and potential energy (energy caused by position or orientation). The most common units of energy are the joule (J) and the calorie (cal).