Final answer:
A salute should be rendered when reporting for duty. This is part of the discipline and respect ingrained in military personnel during their training, signifying their recognition of authority within the military hierarchy.
Step-by-step explanation:
A salute should be rendered under which circumstances? The correct answer is C) Reporting for duty. In the military context, salutes are a form of respect and recognition of authority that soldiers are required to render when they are in the presence of superiors. During basic training, soldiers are taught when and how to salute properly as part of their transition into military life. The structured schedules and discipline, including saluting, help build a sense of unity and respect within the new societal structure of the military. While in uniform and outdoors, saluting superiors is a sign of discipline and professional courtesy.