Final answer:
The learning process that occurs when a dog is shocked repeatedly is sensitization.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a dog is shocked repeatedly, the appropriate term to describe the resulting learning process is sensitization (option b). Sensitization occurs when an organism becomes more responsive to a stimulus over time, often due to the repeated exposure to aversive or intense stimuli. In this case, the repeated shocks cause the dog to become increasingly reactive or sensitive to subsequent shocks.