Final answer:
The correct term for someone who is poor, needy, or impoverished in the context of lacking sufficient health care resources is 'medically indigent'. These individuals often rely on emergency room care and incur costs that are passed on to taxpayers and people with health insurance.
Step-by-step explanation:
Someone who is poor, needy, or impoverished is considered medically indigent. This term refers to individuals who lack the financial resources to afford health care and are not adequately covered by medical insurance. Many impoverished individuals fall into this category, particularly before the Affordable Care Act, as they had limited means to obtain health insurance and often relied on Medicaid. However, not all of the impoverished qualify for Medicaid or other programs, which can result in them being uninsured. As medically indigent, these individuals often resort to accessing care in hospital emergency rooms, where care must be provided regardless of ability to pay, leading to economic externalities where the care costs are diffused to taxpayers and insured individuals in the form of higher premiums and taxes.