Final answer:
The six links in the chain of infection necessary for an infection to occur include the infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host.
Step-by-step explanation:
The six links in the chain of infection that must be present for an infection to occur are:
- Infectious agent: A pathogen such as a virus or bacterium that can cause disease.
- Reservoir: The habitat where the infectious agent lives, grows, and multiplies, such as humans, animals, or the environment.
- Portal of exit: The way the infectious agent leaves the reservoir to be transmitted to a new host, including respiratory secretions, skin flakes, and bodily fluids.
- Mode of transmission: The means by which the infectious agent is spread to another person, which can include direct contact, airborne spread, or vectors like mosquitoes.
- Portal of entry: The site through which the pathogen enters a new host, such as the respiratory tract, mucous membranes, or broken skin.
- Susceptible host: An individual who is at risk of infection due to a lack of immunity or other protective factors.
Understanding these links is crucial for preventing the transmission and spread of infectious diseases. Effective prevention strategies include maintaining good hygiene, vaccination, and appropriate use of antimicrobial agents.