Final answer:
The Black Panther Party, founded in 1966 by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale in Oakland, California, sought to address police brutality and promote African American self-defense, community service, and empowerment.
Step-by-step explanation:
In 1966, the organization founded by black militants in Oakland, California was A) Black Panthers. Huey Newton and Bobby Seale established the Black Panther Party to combat police brutality and promote African American self-defense and community service. They followed the ideology of Malcolm X, taking a "by-any-means-necessary" approach to fighting inequality. The Black Panthers created a 10-point plan and sought to empower Black communities, also gaining notoriety for their armed patrols and confrontations with the police that sometimes led to violent incidents. Although they were subjected to a smear campaign and dismantling efforts by the FBI, their legacy in Black radicalism and activism remains significant.