Final answer:
The hazard including alpha and beta particles as well as gamma rays is known as Ionizing Radiation, capable of ionizing atoms and causing biological damage.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of hazard that includes alpha (α) particles, beta (β) particles, as well as gamma (γ) rays is referred to as Ionizing Radiation. This form of radiation is significant due to its ability to ionize atoms by removing electrons, which can cause biological damage if absorbed by living tissues. Alpha particles are helium nuclei with a strong ionizing ability but limited penetration power. Beta particles are high-energy, high-speed electrons or positrons with greater penetration than alpha particles but less than gamma rays. Gamma rays are not particles but a highly penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation and are considered the most dangerous type of radiation from an external source.