Final answer:
The perception of whether a stressor is irrelevant, positive, or negative is known as appraisal, which includes both primary and secondary appraisals involving the evaluation of potential threats and coping resources.
Step-by-step explanation:
Perceptions of whether a stressor is irrelevant, positive, or negative are called appraisal. This concept is grounded in the process of evaluating a stressor to determine its potential threat to well-being, a framework established by Lazarus and Folkman in 1984.
In the context of stress, primary appraisal is the process where one assesses the possible harm or threat a stressor might bring. If deemed harmful, one would likely experience stress, whereas if it is seen as a challenge, it might be considered positive or an opportunity for growth.
Secondary appraisal then involves evaluating the available coping options and resources for managing the stressor. Effective coping strategies, including problem-focused and emotion-focused coping, are essential for managing stress.