Final answer:
An undifferentiated cell capable of giving rise to specialized cell types is called a stem cell. Stem cells have the unique potential to divide indefinitely and differentiate into various specialized cells and are crucial in the process of cellular differentiation.
Step-by-step explanation:
An undifferentiated cell that can give rise to specialized cell types is called a stem cell. Stem cells are unique in that they have the ability to divide indefinitely and have the potential to differentiate into various specialized cell types. Among the given options, c) Stem cell is the correct option.
Stem cells are key to the process of cellular differentiation, where unspecialized cells become specialized in structure and function to carry out specific roles within an organism. In humans, stem cells can be classified into totipotent, pluripotent, and multipotent, based on their potential to differentiate into different cell lineages.
Types of Stem Cells:-
- Totipotent stem cells: These can give rise to all cells in the body and some of the supporting fetal membranes.
- Pluripotent stem cells: These can differentiate into multiple types of body cells but not into all types.
- Multipotent stem cells: These have the potential to differentiate into different types of cells within a given lineage, like red blood cells or white blood cells.