Final answer:
The method of real property description starting at a certain point and detailing boundary measurements until the point is reached again is known as metes and bounds. It was introduced by English settlers and created irregularly shaped land parcels. The metes and bounds system was replaced by the more structured rectangular survey system for more consistent property delineation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The method of describing real property that involves starting at a certain point and measuring the direction and length of the property boundaries until the point of beginning is reached again is called metes and bounds. This system was introduced by English settlers during the colonial period and was widely used in the 17th and 18th centuries. Properties were described using local landmarks such as trees, boulders, or streams, which could lead to irregular parcels of land that looked like a jigsaw puzzle when mapped. The process created challenges, including disputes over property lines and an inequitable distribution of quality farmland. This system had limitations because landmarks used could often be moved or changed, leading to difficulties in determining precise property boundaries. The metes and bounds system was eventually replaced in many areas by the more standardized rectangular survey system proposed by Thomas Jefferson, which aimed to create equally sized farmsteads and support a robust class of yeoman farmers.