Question

Latent learning provides evidence for a cognitive element in operant conditioning because:

a) Learning occurs without reinforcement
b) Learning is observable
c) Learning is automatic
d) Learning is instinctive

Answer 1

Latent learning demonstrates a cognitive element in operant conditioning as it occurs without reinforcement and becomes apparent only when there is a need to apply the learned knowledge.

Step-by-step explanation:

Latent learning provides evidence for a cognitive element in operant conditioning because a) Learning occurs without reinforcement. This kind of learning goes unnoticed until there is some incentive or reason to demonstrate it. For instance, a child like Ravi might learn the route to school by observing his dad, but does not show that he knows the route until he has to take it by himself. Unlike reflexes and instincts, which are natural and unlearned behaviors, latent learning involves a change in behavior based on experience, illustrating the substantial role of cognition in operant condition.