Final answer:
An organic nutrient that an organism cannot synthesize and thus must obtain from its diet is known as a 'growth factor.' These are different from macronutrients like CHONPS, which are also essential but often can be synthesized by the organism.
Step-by-step explanation:
An organic nutrient that cannot be synthesized by the organism and must be provided is called a growth factor. This can be understood in the context of essential nutrients, which refers to nutrients that the body cannot manufacture in adequate amounts. These nutrients must be obtained through diet.
Macronutrients are another category of nutrients required by cells in larger amounts for growth and normal functioning and include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and water. While macronutrients are essential, they can sometimes be synthesized by the body, unlike specific growth factors which cannot be synthesized and must be entirely supplied by the diet.
Remembering the macronutrient elements can be aided by the mnemonic CHONPS, which stands for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. These elements are necessary for the synthesis of various biomolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids within the organism.