Final answer:
In 1941, Charles Drew developed a process to render blood plasma, making it easier to store and an effective alternative to whole-blood transfusions.
Step-by-step explanation:
In 1941, Charles Drew, an African American physician, developed the process of rendering blood plasma, making it easier to store for longer periods of time and offering an effective replacement for whole-blood transfusions. However, racial bias entered the picture when the American Red Cross and the War Department labeled blood and plasma as either 'White' or 'Negro.' As a result of this racist policy, Dr. Drew resigned from the National Blood Bank.