Final answer:
True, Saul was chosen as the first king of Israel due to his impressive appearance, reflecting the people's preference for outward qualities. His selection signaled the formation of a monarchy in response to the external threats like the Philistines. David and Solomon succeeded him, the former solidifying Jerusalem's capital status and the latter known for his wisdom.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that events surrounding the selection of Saul for king demonstrate that he was the people's choice is true. The biblical narrative describes Saul being chosen as king in part due to his impressive appearance, which caught the attention of the Israelites. This focus on outward appearance rather than the heart exemplifies an aspect of the cultural values of the time. Historically, Saul's rise to kingship around 1030 BCE marked the transition of the Hebrews from a tribal confederation to a centralized monarchy in response to external threats, like the Philistines. Under Saul's leadership, the Hebrews began to push back against these pressures, although his kingship also had its challenges and conflicts, notably with his successor David.
King David later established a notable reign, creating a professional army and bureaucracy, and making Jerusalem the capital. The Tel Dan stele provides archaeological evidence for a 'house of David,' corroborating some of the historical claims of his existence and rule. On the other hand, King Solomon, known for his purported wisdom and extensive public works, succeeded David, but archaeological evidence of his reign, like that of the first Temple's existence in Jerusalem, has yet to be discovered.