Final answer:
Multiple encryption, like Triple DES, provides additional encryption strength by encrypting data multiple times using different keys. It is more secure compared to single-round encryption methods, offering better protection against cyber threats for individuals and organizations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The item that provides additional encryption strength by repeating the encryption process with additional keys is known as multiple encryption or cascaded encryption. This method involves applying an encryption algorithm multiple times using different keys each time.
A well-known example of this is Triple Data Encryption Standard (Triple DES), which applies the Data Encryption Standard (DES) cipher three times to each data block. Although DES is considered insecure because it uses a 56-bit key, which is susceptible to brute-force attacks, Triple DES enhances security by using three keys in succession, effectively increasing the key length and making it much harder to crack.
In the context of increased security for individuals and organizations, applying multiple encryption methods can provide a more robust defense against cyber threats, similar to how two-factor authentication and stronger passwords protect users. Continuous education about security measures is also critical to prevent scams and unauthorized access to sensitive information. For companies and governments, implementing such stronger protections is vital for maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of the data they handle.