Final answer:
John Scopes, a teacher involved in the Scopes Monkey Trial, was convicted of a crime for teaching evolution, against Tennessee's Butler Act in 1925.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the 1925 heavily publicized Scopes Monkey Trial, science teacher John Scopes, who had agreed to stand in violation of the Butler Act in Tennessee that forbade the teaching of evolution, was convicted of a crime. Representing a cultural clash between traditionalist Christian values and modern secular perspectives, Scopes was defended by Clarence Darrow in a courtroom drama against William Jennings Bryan. Although Scopes was convicted and fined $100 for his actions, the trial ignited a nationwide debate and had a lasting impact on the discussion of science and religion in public schools.