Final answer:
Fundamentalists opposed Charles Darwin's theory of evolution as it challenged traditional biblical values by suggesting a naturalistic origin for humans, which contradicts the belief in divine creation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the various points of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, his idea that humans evolved from an ape-like ancestor was particularly controversial among fundamentalists. They believed that the teaching of evolution challenged traditional values, as it contradicted the biblical narrative of creation and suggested a naturalistic origin of human beings. This viewpoint posited that humans and other species developed through natural processes like natural selection, which was in direct opposition to the idea of divine creation.
Social Darwinism, a misapplication of Darwin's theory, further distorted the public perception by suggesting that societal hierarchies could be justified through survival of the fittest, often promoting class distinctions and racism. However, the fundamental opposition to evolution was primarily rooted in its challenge to religious doctrine and the belief in the special creation of humans. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that fundamentalists said the scientific teaching of evolution Challenged traditional values (Option C).