Final answer:
Kevin's question to the counselor shows that he is engaged in Conventional moral reasoning, where he considers societal rules and fairness, according to Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development.
Step-by-step explanation:
Kevin's question to the counselor, "Why was I punished when I did not do anything wrong?". This stage typically develops during the teen years when children become more aware of others' feelings and societal rules, and they consider what is right for society and good for others. Kevin is showing that he is considering the fairness of the teacher's decision within the context of societal rules, which is indicative of the conventional level of development according to Kohlberg's theory.