Final answer:
Technological innovations in farming, such as improved farm equipment and new farming methods, contributed to farmers migrating to cities in the late 19th century. These innovations increased productivity, reduced the need for farm workers, and opened up new markets, leading to a decline in small farmers. The growth of industrialization and the demand for labor in urban areas also motivated farmers to move to the cities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The technological innovations in farming contributed to farmers migrating to the cities in the late 19th century through a combination of factors. The Industrial Revolution brought about improved farm equipment and technology, such as tractors, seed drills, threshers, and combine harvesters, which increased productivity and made it more efficient to cultivate larger fields. With the introduction of new farming methods and machinery, fewer farm workers were needed, leading to a major rural-to-urban shift in population.
Additionally, improved transportation and refrigeration allowed produce to be safely shipped to urban areas and even overseas, opening up new markets and opportunities for farmers. The shift towards large-scale farming and the focus on maximizing profits led to a decline in small farmers who couldn't afford the expensive machinery, forcing many of them to sell their land and move to the cities in search of new employment.
The urbanization trend was further fueled by the increasing industrialization and the need for workers in factories, creating a demand for labor in urban areas. Therefore, the combination of technological innovations in farming, the decline in small farmers, and the growth of industrialization all played a role in motivating farmers to migrate to the cities in the late 19th century.