Final answer:
The statement about Discrete Trial Instruction and Naturalistic Teaching Strategies being established treatments for developmental disorders is true. Experiments can be done on humans with proper ethical considerations, and larger sample sizes are generally better in scientific experiments. Experimentation is a crucial method that allows scientists to establish cause-and-effect relationships, but it's not the only valid form of scientific investigation, and non-supportive data can also be informative.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement "Both Discrete Trial Instruction and Naturalistic Teaching Strategies are ESTABLISHED treatments for developmental disorders" is true. Discrete Trial Instruction (DTI) is a structured intervention that uses a one-on-one teaching approach to help individuals with developmental disorders acquire new skills. On the other hand, Naturalistic Teaching Strategies (NTS) focus on teaching skills within natural settings and activities. Both methods are backed by extensive research demonstrating their effectiveness in improving various outcomes for individuals with developmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder.
Experiments on Humans
While the statement "Experiments cannot be done on humans" is false, ethical guidelines and regulations must be adhered to when conducting experiments involving human subjects to protect their rights and well-being.
Sample Size in Experiments
The general consensus is that larger sample sizes are preferable in scientific experiments because they tend to provide more reliable and generalizable results than smaller sample sizes.
Scientific Experimentation
It's true that experiments allow scientists to make cause-and-effect claims. However, it is also acknowledged that all scientific methods, including experimentation, can have limitations and are subjected to scrutiny and evaluation. Moreover, data that does not support a hypothesis can still be very useful, as it informs scientists about which directions may not be fruitful for further investigation. Lastly, experimentation is not the only valid type of scientific investigation; observational studies and other forms of research also make valuable contributions to scientific knowledge.