Final answer:
The cervical section comprises seven vertebrae, characterized by small bodies, bifid spinous processes, U-shaped transverse processes, and transverse foramina for arterial and nerve passage.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cervical section of the vertebral column consists of seven vertebrae. These vertebrae are each uniquely structured and include the atlas (C1) and the axis (C2), with the remaining typical ones being C3 through C7. The body of a typical cervical vertebra is relatively small, suitable for carrying the least amount of body weight among the vertebrae. These vertebrae feature a distinct bifid (Y-shaped) spinous process, except for C7 which tends to have a longer, non-bifid spinous process.
Moreover, they are characterized by U-shaped transverse processes that have an opening known as the transverse foramen. This foramen is crucial as it allows for the passage of an important artery that supplies the brain, as well as providing a path for cervical spinal nerves.