Final answer:
Meningococcal vaccines are generally recommended for preteens at 11-12 years with a booster at age 16, as well as for certain high-risk groups such as college freshers in dorms or travelers to the meningitis belt in Africa.
Step-by-step explanation:
Meningococcal vaccination is recommended for certain age groups as well as individuals in specific situations or settings where meningococcal meningitis transmission risk is higher. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advises administering a quadrivalent vaccine, which protects against serotypes A, C, W, and Y, to children between the ages of 11-12, with a booster dose at age 16. Furthermore, the meningitis vaccine is recommended for first-year college students residing in dormitories, military recruits, and individuals traveling to the meningitis belt in sub-Saharan Africa, especially during the dry season when the risk is heightened. In the case of epidemic outbreaks, such as those sometimes seen on college campuses, an additional booster or injections of serogroup B meningococcal vaccine may be indicated for enhanced protection.